This paper is the result of three interviews held in Paris, between the months of October and November 2015. Respondants were: the philosopher Marcel Gauchet, diretor of studies at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes EHESS; political scientist and historian of secularity, Philippe Portier, diretor of studies at the École Pratique des Hautes Études EPHE Paris-Sorbonne and historian Didier Da Silva, professor of history of ideas at the Institut Catholique de Paris. The goal pursued in the context of these interviews is (...) related to the understanding of a current perspective of religion output at the thought of Gauchet, the subject of my post-doctoral research at PUC Minas, Belo Horizonte, and at the National Program for Postdoctoral PNPD, Capes. The considerations which led the analysis proposed in this paper are guided by understanding effort of some of the characteristics of the religious phenomenon in the contemporary context. What we wonder and what is defined in this effort of understanding are the reconfigurations that mark the current stage of relations between politics and religion - reconfigurations demarcating the permeabilities and the limits of the overall spectrum of those relations. In addition, more particularly, what we present here are some thoughts on the condition of secularity and religion exit in the Brazilian context. (shrink)

This paper’s objective is to ascertain the current situation of the so-called exit from religion within the theories of French philosopher Marcel Gauchet. Our purpose is a comprehensive approach of some concepts that permeate his thought about the religious phenomenon. The analysis here developed is divided in four distinct parts. In the first, we explore the specific bases of Gauchet’s concept of religion. It is a concept which, as we shall see, entails a notion of exit from religion in its (...) pure state, or in the state of essence. In the second part, we address the notion of exit from religion in a broader sense of our author’s vocabulary, focusing on some of this exit’s historical process, its beginnings and major outcomes. In the third part, we aim our reflective efforts at the current situation of this exit from religion and at the novel configurations which are manifested as spiritualities outside from religion. In the fourth and last part, we seek to make a reflection on Brazil’s contemporary religiosity via the theoretical perspective established by the French philosopher. A glimpse is then made available by the analysis proposed herein, of the dynamics of the exit from religion – removing it from the stricter sphere of politics – such exit does not exclude the participation of religions in the field of the public spheres and of the civil society. (shrink)

A riqueza do debate ocorrido entre os filósofos Luc Ferry e Marcel Gauchet, em janeiro de 1999, deu origem a este artigo, em que os autores exploram os temas e as questões discutidas naquela ocasião. O artigo apresenta as diferentes posições dos dois pensadores franceses, cuja preocupação maior é pensar as condições de possibilidade da religião e do religioso nos tempos atuais. Tempos em que, segundo os debatedores, predomina a individualização da crença e nos quais a presença de uma religiosidade (...) sempre mais inquieta, difusa e incerta convive com o enfraquecimento institucional das religiões. Longe de desaparecer num universo cada vez mais laicizado, o religioso, como indagação sobre o sentido último da vida ou como aspiração ao absoluto, tende a permanecer como um substrato insuperável. Como, então, pensar o religioso após a religião? O texto apresenta as diferentes e divergentes posições de Ferry e Gauchet acerca da pertinência do uso de termos clássicos como "sagrado", "divino", "transcendente", dentre outros, para tratar os constituintes dessa religiosidade contemporânea e inquieta, própria de uma época na qual se torna impossível a edificação de um mundo de parte a parte estruturado pela religião e na qual o religioso impregnaria todos os setores da vida pública e privada. Palavras-chave: Religião; Religiosidade; Secularização; Autonomia; Heteronomia.This paper analyses the questions and problems that was discussed during an important debate between the French philosophers Marcel Gauchet and Luc Ferry, which take place at Paris on January, 1999. The paper discusses the different conceptions of these thinkers about the status of religion and the religious in nowadays. Days that witnesses the individualization of religious belief and the presence of a restless, uncertain and spread religiosity which however, lives side by side with an institutional weakening of the historical religions. Far from disappearing in a more and more laicized world, the religious as an inquiring about searching on ultimate sense for our lives seems to remain as a permanent individual issue. Nevertheless, how is it possible to conceive the religious after the deregulation of historical religions? Classical terms like "sacred", "divine", "transcendent" and "absolute" are sufficient to qualify and analyze the elements of this restless and uncertain religiosity, which seems to be constitutive of societies that do not need religious legitimacy anymore. Keywords: Religion; religious; secularization; autonomy; heteronomy. (shrink)